Built in core datatypes in python | What are the basic data types in Python 3?
Python supported built-in core datatypes :
- Numbers
- Strings
- List
- Tuple
- Dictionary
1.Numbers: Number data type is used to store numeric
values in python. It can be of
-Integers
-Floating Point Numbers
-Complex Numbers
- Integer:
Types of integers in python
- Integers(signed)
- Boolean
Integer:
Integers are whole numbers such as 6,34,562,0 etc. They have no floating
point
values. It means,
in python integer values represented as numbers with no decimal point. Integers can be positive (+12,390)
and negative (-56, -7).
Integers(signed):
Integers can be of any length, it is only limited by the memory available. In a signed representation,
the integers can be positive as well as negative.
Boolean: These represent
the truth values False and True. The Boolean type is a subtype of plain integers and
Boolean values False and True behave like
the values 0 and 1 respectively. To get the
Boolean equivalent of 0 or 1, you can type bool (0) or bool (1)
python will return False or True respectively.
- Floating-Point Numbers: A number having fractional part is a floating-point number. For Example 5.67543 is a floating-point number. The decimal point numbers are floating-point numbers not integers. The number 23 is an integer but 23.0 is a floating-point number. Floating-Point operations are usually slower than integer operations. Floating-Point number can be written in two forms:
Fractional
Form
Exponent
Form
* In python the floating-point
numbers have double precision means the precision of 15 digits.
- Complex Numbers: In mathematically, a complex number is a number of the form A+Bi where i is the imaginary number, equal to the square root of -1. A Complex number is made up of both real and imaginary components. In complex number A+Bi, A and B are real numbers and i is imaginary. If we have a complex number z, where z=a+bi then a would be the real component and b would represent the imaginary component of z. For example, real component of z=4+3i is 4 and the imaginary component would be 3.
Complex number in python
Python represents complex numbers
in the form A+Bj. Python uses j or J in place of i.
For example:
a=0+3.1j
b=1.5+2j
The above
complex number a has real component as 0 and imaginary component as
3.1 and b has real component as 1.5 and imaginary
component as 2. Python represents complex numbers as a pair of floating-point
numbers. When you display complex numbers, python displays complex numbers in parenthesis
when they have a nonzero real part.
2.Strings
A string is sequence of characters and each character can be individually accessed using its index. In python, strings are stored as individual characters in contiguous location with two-way index for each location.
For example:
PYTHON
name [0] =’P’ = name [-6]
name [1] =’Y’ = name [-5]
name [2] =’T’ = name [-4]
name [3] =’H’ = name [-3]
name [4] =’O’ = name [-2]
name [5] =’N’ = name [-1]
To access the first character of string name, you
will write name [0], because the index of first character is 0. You may
also write as name [-6].
We can determine the length of the string using len (string).
You cannot change the individual letters of a string in
place by assignment because strings are immutable and hence item assignment is
not supported.
For example:
Name =’hello’
Name [0] =’p’
Here, you cannot assign individual letter.
But,
You can assign to a string another string or an expression
that returns a string using assignment.
For example:
Name=’hello’
Name=’new’
3.List
The list and tuples are Python’s compound datatypes. We have
taken them together in one section because they are basically the same types
with one difference. Lists can be changed/modified. List is mutable. But tuples
cannot be modified or changed because tuples are immutable.
In Python, a list represents a list of comma-separated
values of any datatype between square brackets.
For examples:
[1,5,6,4]
[‘a’,’e’,’u’,’i’]
[‘Meena’,45,67.5]
As lists are mutable, so you can change the item or value in
a list.
Suppose
X= [1,2,3,4]
X [0] =10
X= [10,2,3,4]
4.Tuples
In Python, Tuples are represented as list of comma-separated
values of any datatype within parentheses.
For example:
P= (2,4,6,7,9)
R= (‘a’,’e’,’u’,’i’)
Q= (7,8,’a’,’u’)
You cannot change, delete or add a list’s element because
these are immutable.
5.Dictionary
In Python, the dictionary is an unordered set of
comma-separated key: value pairs within curly-braces {}, with the requirement
that within a dictionary, no two keys can be same. There are unique keys within
a dictionary.
For example
Vowels = {‘a’:1,’e’:2,’i’:3,’o’:4,’u’:5}
Vowels[‘a’]
1
Vowels [‘u’]
5
Here ‘a’,’e’,’i’,’o’,’u’ are the keys of dictionary vowels;
1,2,3,4,5 are values for these keys respectively.
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